Immunohistochemical localization of very late activation integrins in healthy and diseased human gingiva

The β1-integrins (VLA family) are cellular adhesion molecules (CAM) that play a major role in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The expression pattern of CAM was studied in 5 clinically normal volunteers with healthy gingiva and in 18 patients with clinically different stages of periodontitis. In healthy human gingiva α2. α3 and α6 integrin chains were found in a characteristic distribution, showing a broad continuous expression on the junctional and sulcular epithelium sites. The expression of these integrins was demonstrated primarily on the basal cell layers and in some cells of the stratum spinosum. Inflammatory stages of periodontitis revealed further upregulation of α2, α3 and α6 integrins into the junctional and sulcular epithelial cells, which correlated with the stage of the periodontitis and the extent of the cellular infiltration. α4 and α6 were found to be the predominant β1 integrin chains on inflammatory cells. The amount of δ4 and ş6 positive infiltrative cells increased with the number of inflammatory cells. VCAM-1. the corresponding cell-cell ligand of VLA-4 (α4) was present on the majority of subepithelial vessels in all stages of gingivitis and periodontitis. The α5 subunit was expressed on both endothelium and gingival connective tissue cells. Samples from advanced periodontitis cases showed a higher number of a5 positive mononuclear cells. In comparison to normal epidermis, a human gingival epithelial cells express higher levels of integrins. This expression is further upregulated in advanced stages of periodontitis, indicating changes of the β1 integrin organization.     

Effects of benzo(a)pyrene and nicotine on prostaglandin synthesis in buccal pouch and submandibular glands of the Syrian hamster

Adult male Syrian hamsters were treated by swabbing the apex of the buccal pouch with corn oil (control, C), 1 mM benzo(a)pyrene (BP), nicotine (NC), or BP + NC in corn oil, twice daily, 5 days a week. After a 4-week treatment, the pouches and submandibular glands were dissected and used for the determination of endogenous prostaglandin (PG) production and studies on in vitro PG synthesis. Of the three PGs analysed (PGE₂, PGF₂ and 6-keto-PGF₁), PGE₂ was predominant in the pouch and the glands. BP or NC alone had only a weak effect on PG synthesis in both tissues. However, the combination of BP and NC had a synergistic effect, causing diminished PG synthesis in both tissues. In buccal pouch, BP + NC significantly decreased the concentrations of endogenous PGE₂ and PGF₂ (PGE₂: 0.669 + 0.254 versus 1.698 + 0.460, PGF₂: 0.273 ± 0.090 versus 0.625 ± 0.272 ng/g tissue; BP + NC versus C; mean ± SD, n = 5, p < 0.05). Similarly significant results were also found for in vitro PG synthesis (PGE₂: 0.541 ± 0.249 versus 1.399 ± 0.340, PGF₂: 1.045 ± 0.428 versus 2.133 ± 0.510 ng/g tissue; BP + NC versus C; mean ± SD, n = 5, p < 0.05). In submandibular glands, BP + NC significantly diminished the concentration of endogenous PGE₂ (1.183 ± 0.175 versus 2.379 ± 0.488 ng/g tissue; BP + NC versus C; mean ± SD, n = 5, p < 0.05). The synthesis of 6-keto-PGF₁ in both tissues, and the synthesis of PGF₂ in submandibular gland, were slightly decreased with all treatments.     

Mineralized nodule formation by cultures of human dental pulp-derived fibroblasts

Pulp fibroblasts were isolated from human deciduous and supernumerary teeth and cultured in vitro. With continued culture in normal tissue-culture medium, six pulp fibroblast strains formed cell nodules after 10–15 days. By electron microscopy the nodules had matrix vesicles, and needle-shaped crystals associated with a dense network of collagen fibrils. The crystalline material exhibited a pattern consistent with hydroxyapatite when nodules were examined by X-ray diffractometry. Furthermore, the cells showed high levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, which could be increased more than seven-fold by the addition of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ (5 × 10⁻⁹−5 × 10⁻⁸M). In addition to the production of type I collagen, these cells also synthesized fibronectin and osteonectin. The formation of mineralized tissue nodules by pulp cells in vitro provides a useful system for study of the pathological calcification of pulp tissues.     

不同方式治疗Ⅰ-Ⅱ型剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕妊娠的疗效对比

目的 比较单纯宫腔镜手术、聚焦超声消融（FUA）联合宫腔镜手术、子宫动脉栓塞（UAE）联合清宫治疗Ⅰ、Ⅱ型剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕妊娠（CSP）的临床疗效及远期预后。方法 回顾性分析2016年6月～2020年5月遂宁市中心医院收治的Ⅰ、Ⅱ型CSP并接受单纯宫腔镜手术、FUA联合宫腔镜手术、UAE联合清宫术治疗的90例患者的临床资料及远期预后。结果 90例患者中,32例接受单纯宫腔镜治疗,42例接受FUA结合宫腔镜手术治疗,16例〖JP〗接受UAE结合清宫治疗。单纯宫腔镜组、FUA联合宫腔镜组、UAE联合清宫组术中出血量分别为（72.50±52.49）mL、（34.64±28.93）mL、（56.56±46.03）mL。3组术中出血量比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。3组术后月经无明显变化比率分别为43.8%、81.0%、31.3%,差异亦有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;FUA治疗后的NRS疼痛评分显著低于UAE组（P＜0.05）。结论 单纯宫腔镜、FUA联合宫腔镜、UAE联合清宫均能安全有效用于Ⅰ、Ⅱ型CSP的治疗。但FUA联合宫腔镜治疗CSP具有出血量更少、疼痛轻、远期月经恢复好的优势。     

甲状腺组织冷冻切片速冻与回暖方法的优化

外科医师在甲状腺病变手术中常使用快速冷冻切片获得术中病理诊断,指导甲状腺手术方式及确定手术范围[1].甲状腺组织的血供及细胞极为丰富且常伴有囊肿,又由于其滤泡腔内含有黏液样胶质,这些因素在组织速冻(-25～-20 ℃)的条件下极易影响冷冻切片的制片质量,进而影响术中病理诊断的时限性及准确性.甲状腺组织的速冻与回暖方法目前尚无统一的标准,相关研究也较少.本研究通过比较不同速冻与回暖方法处理的甲状腺组织冷冻切片制片质量的差异,旨在寻找一种较佳的甲状腺组织速冻与回暖方法,以更好地为其术中病理诊断与临床手术服务.     

晶、胶体容量预负荷降低蛛网膜下隙阻滞剖宫产术中低血压发生率的Meta分析

目的 蛛网膜下隙阻滞下行剖宫产术,麻醉前10～30 min或麻醉同时预先输注一定容量的晶、胶体溶液可有效减少术中低血压及恶心、呕吐的发生率,但对补充晶体液或胶体液、补液量以及补液时机的选择目前仍存争议。该文采用Meta分析的方法进行系统评价,为临床补液策略提供参考。方法 选择PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library及Research Gate数据库,检索所有相关随机对照试验。主要指标为术中出现低血压患者的数量;次要指标为术中出现恶心、呕吐症状患者的数量。结局各指标均采用随机效应模型,用比值比（O^R）及95%可信区间（95% CI）进行表示。结果 蛛网膜下隙阻滞下行剖宫产术,与晶体液相比,同等量胶体预负荷可使术中低血压发生率降低［O^R=0.40（95% CI：0.27,0.59）］;麻醉前10～30 min或麻醉同时快速输注500 ml胶体液可使术中低血压发生率降低［O^R=0.45（95% CI：0.31,0.66）］,同等量晶、胶体容量预负荷在降低术中恶心、呕吐方面则无明显差异,均可使术中恶心、呕吐几率降低［O^R=0.72（95% CI：0.43,1.19）］。结论 蛛网膜下隙阻滞下行剖宫产术,麻醉前10～30 min或麻醉同时预先快速输注500 ml胶体溶液可显著降低产妇术中低血压的发生率。     

卡贝缩宫素对瘢痕子宫妊娠剖宫产后出血量、凝血指标及预后的影响

目的 探讨卡贝缩宫素对瘢痕子宫妊娠剖宫产后出血量、凝血指标及预后的影响。方法 选取2017年6月—2018年12月于湖北省妇幼保健院接受剖宫产术的182例瘢痕子宫产妇,分为卡贝缩宫素组和缩宫素组。卡贝缩宫素组胎儿娩出后给予注射卡贝缩宫素,缩宫素组胎儿娩出后给予注射缩宫素。比较两组手术前后凝血指标、出血量、应激指标和术后子宫肌层厚度,统计两组不良反应率的差异。结果 卡贝缩宫素组术中、术后出血量较缩宫素组低（P <0.05）。卡贝缩宫素组MDA水平较缩宫素组低（P <0.05）,SOD、GSH-px和CAT较缩宫素组高（P <0.05）。卡贝缩宫素组手术前后凝血指标差值较缩宫素组大（P <0.05）。卡贝缩宫素组术后子宫肌层厚度较缩宫素组厚（P <0.05）。两组术后不良反应率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 卡贝缩宫素用于瘢痕子宫妊娠剖宫产能有效减少出血量,缓解应激反应,改善凝血功能,提高子宫肌层厚度,且不良反应少,值得临床推广。     

剖宫产术前阴道试产时间与产后出血的相关性

目的分析剖宫产术前阴道试产时间与产后出血的相关性。方法回顾性分析2018年10月至2019年10月于本院行剖宫产术前阴道试产产妇140名的临床资料。阴道试产时间<6 h的产妇作为A组(n=38),阴道试产时间在6~18 h的产妇作为B组(n=63),阴道试产时间>18 h的产妇作为C组(n=39),比较3组产妇的母婴结局、产后出血、产后住院时间,并分析剖宫产术前阴道试产时间与产后出血的相关性。结果C组产后出血量及住院时间均多于A、B组,且B组的产后出血量及住院时间多于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组产妇的产后感染、新生儿窒息、先兆子宫破裂发生率比较差异无统计学意义;C组产后出血率高于A组、B组,阴道分娩率低于A组、B组,B组产后出血率高于A组,阴道分娩率低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson分析,剖宫产术前阴道试产时间与产后出血呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05)。结论剖宫产术前阴道试产时间与产后出血呈正相关,产妇阴道试产时间越长,产后出血的风险越高,临床上因综合评估产妇情况,及时给予正确的干预措施,如应用缩宫素辅助生产等,以降低产妇产后出血的发生风险,促进自然分娩。     

不同分娩方式对产后早期盆底功能的影响分析

目的分析不同分娩方式对产后早期盆底功能的影响。方法选取2017年6月至2018年9月本院收治的产妇116例为研究对象,根据分娩方式不同分为两组,各58例。阴道分娩作为对照组,剖宫产作为观察组。比较两种不同分娩方式下对产妇早期盆底功能影响和恢复干预后效果。结果观察组产妇盆底肌恢复良好率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者尿失禁、大便失禁和子宫脱垂发生率比较差异无统计学意义;观察组患者前壁脱垂、后壁脱垂状况明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产妇性生活困难及失禁等发生率差异无统计学意义。结论无论何种方式分娩均会引发盆底功能降低,剖宫产对盆底功能影响更小,因此,需重视阴道分娩产妇盆底功能锻炼。     

地佐辛复合舒芬太尼在腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产术后镇痛中的应用效果

目的 探讨地佐辛复合舒芬太尼在腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产术后镇痛中的应用效果,以为剖宫产术后麻醉药物的合理选择提供参考.方法 选取2018年10月至2019年10月收治的130例腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产术产妇作为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各65例.两组均行剖宫产术,对照组采用舒芬太尼进行术后镇痛,观察组采用地佐辛复合舒芬太尼进行术后镇痛.比较两组的麻醉效果.结果 观察组术后4、12、24 h的VAS评分低于对照组,RSS评分高于对照组(P<0.05).术前,两组的NE、Cor、ET-1水平无明显差异(P>0.05);术后24 h,观察组的NE、Cor、ET-1水平低于对照组(P<0.05).观察组的初乳时间早于对照组,术后4、12、24 h的PRL水平高于对照组(P<0.05).术前,两组的NPY、SP、β-EP水平无明显差异(P>0.05);术后24 h,观察组的NPY、SP、β-EP水平低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 地佐辛复合舒芬太尼应用在腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产术后有助于提高镇痛、镇静效果,减轻产妇的应激反应,改善早期泌乳情况,下调神经递质水平,值得临床推广和应用.